Dative Shift: Direct Object As A Nominalised Wh-/that-clause

by ADMIN 61 views

Introduction

In the realm of linguistics, dative shift is a phenomenon where a direct object is replaced by a nominalised wh-/that-clause. This shift is often observed in certain grammatical constructions, particularly in the context of dative alternation. In this article, we will delve into the intricacies of dative shift and explore why certain constructions, such as the ones mentioned in the introduction, are deemed ungrammatical.

Dative Alternation

Dative alternation is a grammatical phenomenon where a sentence can be constructed in two different ways, with the same meaning. The two constructions are:

  • Direct Object Construction: The direct object is a noun phrase that receives the action of the verb.
  • Dative Construction: The direct object is a noun phrase that receives the action of the verb, but it is in the form of a dative phrase, which typically consists of a pronoun or a noun phrase in the dative case.

The Role of Wh-/That-Clause

A wh-/that-clause is a type of subordinate clause that begins with a wh-word (such as who, what, when, where, why, or how) or the word that. In the context of dative shift, a wh-/that-clause can be nominalised, meaning that it is treated as a noun phrase rather than a clause.

Nominalisation of Wh-/That-Clause

Nominalisation is the process of converting a clause or phrase into a noun phrase. In the case of a wh-/that-clause, nominalisation involves treating the clause as a single unit, rather than as a separate clause. This can be achieved through various means, such as using a noun phrase as the subject of the clause, or by using a verb that takes a noun phrase as its object.

Dative Shift: Direct Object as a Nominalised Wh-/That-Clause

Now, let's examine the two examples mentioned in the introduction:

  • She told (that) she’d be late to him.
  • She taught what he said to the class.

In both cases, the direct object is replaced by a nominalised wh-/that-clause. However, as mentioned earlier, both constructions are deemed ungrammatical. But why is this so?

Why are these Constructions Ungrammatical?

There are several reasons why these constructions are ungrammatical:

  • Word Order: In the first example, the word order is incorrect. The wh-clause "that she’d be late" is in the wrong position, and the dative phrase "to him" is not in the correct position.
  • Clause Structure: In the second example, the wh-clause "what he said" is not properly integrated into the main clause. The verb "taught" takes a direct object, but the wh-clause is not in the correct position to function as a direct object.
  • Semantic Incompatibility: In both cases, the nominalised wh-/that-clause is not semantically compatible with the main clause. The wh-clause is not providing the necessary information to complete the meaning of the sentence.

Conclusion In conclusion, dative shift is a complex phenomenon that involves the replacement of a direct object with a nominalised wh-/that-clause. While this shift can be observed in certain grammatical constructions, it is not without its limitations. The two examples mentioned in the introduction are ungrammatical due to a combination of factors, including word order, clause structure, and semantic incompatibility. Understanding these factors is essential for grasping the intricacies of dative shift and its role in dative alternation.

References

  • Bresnan, J. (2001). Lexical-functional syntax. Blackwell.
  • Huddleston, R. D., & Pullum, G. K. (2002). The Cambridge grammar of the English language. Cambridge University Press.
  • Jackendoff, R. (1990). Semantic structures. MIT Press.

Further Reading

  • Dative Alternation: A comprehensive overview of dative alternation, including its history, syntax, and semantics.
  • Nominalisation: A detailed discussion of nominalisation, including its types, functions, and applications.
  • Clause Structure: A thorough examination of clause structure, including its components, functions, and relationships.
    Dative Shift: Direct Object as a Nominalised Wh-/That-Clause - Q&A ===========================================================

Introduction

In our previous article, we explored the phenomenon of dative shift, where a direct object is replaced by a nominalised wh-/that-clause. We also examined two examples that are deemed ungrammatical and discussed the reasons behind their ungrammaticality. In this article, we will address some of the most frequently asked questions about dative shift and provide answers to help clarify this complex topic.

Q: What is dative shift?

A: Dative shift is a grammatical phenomenon where a direct object is replaced by a nominalised wh-/that-clause. This shift is often observed in certain grammatical constructions, particularly in the context of dative alternation.

Q: What is dative alternation?

A: Dative alternation is a grammatical phenomenon where a sentence can be constructed in two different ways, with the same meaning. The two constructions are:

  • Direct Object Construction: The direct object is a noun phrase that receives the action of the verb.
  • Dative Construction: The direct object is a noun phrase that receives the action of the verb, but it is in the form of a dative phrase, which typically consists of a pronoun or a noun phrase in the dative case.

Q: Why is dative shift important?

A: Dative shift is important because it helps us understand the complexities of language and how it is used in different contexts. It also provides insights into the structure and function of language, which is essential for language acquisition and language teaching.

Q: What are the benefits of dative shift?

A: The benefits of dative shift include:

  • Improved understanding of language structure: Dative shift helps us understand the complexities of language structure and how it is used in different contexts.
  • Enhanced language acquisition: Dative shift provides insights into the structure and function of language, which is essential for language acquisition.
  • Better language teaching: Dative shift helps language teachers to understand the complexities of language and how to teach it effectively.

Q: What are the challenges of dative shift?

A: The challenges of dative shift include:

  • Complexity of language structure: Dative shift involves complex language structures, which can be difficult to understand and teach.
  • Variability in language use: Dative shift is observed in different language varieties, which can make it challenging to identify and teach.
  • Limited research: There is limited research on dative shift, which can make it difficult to understand and teach.

Q: How can I learn more about dative shift?

A: To learn more about dative shift, you can:

  • Read academic articles: Read academic articles on dative shift to gain a deeper understanding of the topic.
  • Attend language conferences: Attend language conferences to learn from experts in the field and network with other researchers.
  • Join online language communities: Join online language communities to discuss dative shift and other language-related topics with other researchers and language enthusiasts.

Conclusion In conclusion, dative is a complex phenomenon that involves the replacement of a direct object with a nominalised wh-/that-clause. While it can be challenging to understand and teach, it provides insights into the structure and function of language, which is essential for language acquisition and language teaching. By addressing some of the most frequently asked questions about dative shift, we hope to have provided a better understanding of this important topic.

References

  • Bresnan, J. (2001). Lexical-functional syntax. Blackwell.
  • Huddleston, R. D., & Pullum, G. K. (2002). The Cambridge grammar of the English language. Cambridge University Press.
  • Jackendoff, R. (1990). Semantic structures. MIT Press.

Further Reading

  • Dative Alternation: A comprehensive overview of dative alternation, including its history, syntax, and semantics.
  • Nominalisation: A detailed discussion of nominalisation, including its types, functions, and applications.
  • Clause Structure: A thorough examination of clause structure, including its components, functions, and relationships.